| 1981 | Research Staff Member, Science & Technology Policy Division, |
| OECD(Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation) | |
| 1987 | Research Staff Member, Centre for Educational Research & Innovation, |
| OECD(Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation) | |
| 1998 | Division Director, Agency for Cultural Affairs, Government of Japan |
| 1999 | Cabinet Councilor (Member of a Prime Minister's Taskforce) |
| 2003 | Division Director, Ministry of Education Culture, Sports, Science & Technology |
| 2006 | Professor, GRIPS |